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Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2012Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production in the airways. Anticholinergic... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production in the airways. Anticholinergic drugs like atropine induce bronchodilatation and rapid improvement in lung function. N-butylscopolammonium bromide (NBB) is an anticholinergic drug used to relieve spasmodic colic in horses, but its effect on airway smooth muscle is unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of NBB on clinical signs and lung function of RAO-affected horses.
ANIMALS
Nine horses diagnosed with RAO.
METHODS
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial. Horses were challenged with moldy hay until a maximum change in transpulmonary pressure (∆P(L) (max) ) > 15 cm H(2) O was achieved. NBB (0.3 mg/kg) or placebo (0.9% saline) was administered IV. Clinical scores and lung function were recorded at baseline and then periodically after treatment administration. Horses were allowed a 6-week washout before administration of opposite treatments.
RESULTS
Clinical score at 10 and 30 minutes (8.7 ± 2.8 and 8.7 ± 3.2, respectively) after NBB administration was significantly lower than baseline (10.8 ± 2.4). NBB administration resulted in a significant decrease in ∆P(L) (max) (baseline: 35.1 ± 6.9 cm H(2) O) starting 2 minutes after administration (16.3 ± 6.6 cmH(2) O) with a maximum decline observed at 10 minutes (13.5 ± 7.1 cm H(2) O). ∆P(L) (max) values between 60 and 120 minutes after NBB administration were not different from placebo.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
N-butylscopolammonium bromide is a potent bronchodilator, reaching maximum effect 10 minutes after intravenous administration. This effect dissipates within 1 hour of drug administration.
Topics: Animals; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Horse Diseases; Horses; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Parasympatholytics
PubMed: 22925156
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00992.x -
Panminerva Medica Jun 2018The aim of this registry was to evaluate the effects of Pycnogenol® on the main symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in otherwise healthy individuals.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this registry was to evaluate the effects of Pycnogenol® on the main symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in otherwise healthy individuals.
METHODS
This study included 77 healthy individuals with symptoms of IBS. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 was treated with Buscopan (10 mg when needed), group 2 (Antispasmina col forte; 50 mg papaverine hydrochloride+10 mg belladonna extract when needed) and 3 (Pycnogenol® 150 mg/day) for 3 weeks.
RESULTS
The number of painful attacks was comparable in all groups after four weeks. Mild pain on manual abdomen pressure was decreased in all groups, with the improvement in the Pycnogenol® group significantly more pronounced that in both control groups (P<0.05). Perceived abdominal bowel movements/distension were significantly relieved in group 2 (Antispasmina Col Forte) and 3 (Pycnogenol®) (P<0.05) in comparison with Buscopan (group 1).
CONCLUSIONS
Pycnogenol® has shown a significant, protective and preventive activity on IBS symptoms, and thus it may represent a potential "soft" approach to IBS.
Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Dietary Supplements; Female; Flavonoids; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Pain; Parasympatholytics; Pilot Projects; Plant Extracts; Pressure; Registries
PubMed: 29737150
DOI: 10.23736/S0031-0808.18.03419-5 -
Journal of Investigational Allergology... Aug 2018
Topics: Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Middle Aged; Muscarinic Antagonists
PubMed: 30073956
DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0247 -
American Journal of Physiology.... Mar 2003The aim of this study was to develop a new method for investigation of the relationship among the mechanical stimulus, the biomechanical properties, and the visceral... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The aim of this study was to develop a new method for investigation of the relationship among the mechanical stimulus, the biomechanical properties, and the visceral perception evoked by volume/ramp-controlled distension in the human duodenum in vivo. An impedance planimetric probe for balloon distension was placed in the third part of the duodenum in seven healthy volunteers. Distension of the duodenum was done at infusion rates of 10, 25, and 50 ml/min. The pump was reversed when level 7 was reached on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 to 10. Distensions were done with and without the administration of the antimuscarinic drug butylscopolamine. The total circumferential tension (T(total)) and the passive circumferential tension (T(passive)) were determined from the distension tests without and with the administration of butylscopolamine, respectively. T(total) and T(passive) showed an exponential behavior as a function of strain (a measure of deformation). The active circumferential tension (T(active)) was computed as T(total)-T(passive) and showed a bell-shaped behavior as a function of strain. At low distension intensities, the intensity of sensation at 10 ml/min was significantly higher than that obtained at 25 and 50 ml/min. The coefficient of variation at the pain threshold for circumferential strain (average 4.34) was closer to zero compared with those for volume (8.72), pressure (31.22), and circumferential tension (31.55). This suggests that the mechanoreceptors in the gastrointestinal wall depend primarily on circumferential strain. The stimulus-response functions provided evidence for the existence of low- and high-threshold mechanoreceptors in the human duodenum. Furthermore, the data suggest that high-threshold receptors are nonadapting.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Biomechanical Phenomena; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Catheterization; Duodenum; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Sensation
PubMed: 12431908
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00456.2001 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2011To evaluate hyoscine N-butyl bromide (HBB) and three different alpha-1 blockers in the treatment of distal ureteral stones. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSE
To evaluate hyoscine N-butyl bromide (HBB) and three different alpha-1 blockers in the treatment of distal ureteral stones.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 140 patients with stones located in the distal tract of the ureter with stone diameters of 5 to 10mm were enrolled in the present study and were randomized into 4 equal groups. Group 1 received HBB, Group 2 received alfuzosin, Group 3 received doxazosin and Group 4 received terazosin. The subjects were prescribed diclofenac injection (75 mg) intramuscularly on demand for pain relief and were followed-up after two weeks with x-rays of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urinary ultrasonography every week. The number of pain episodes, analgesic dosage and the number of days of spontaneous passage of the calculi through the ureter were also recorded.
RESULTS
The average stone size for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 was comparable (6.13, 5.83, 5.59 and 5.48 mm respectively). Stone expulsion was observed in 11%, 52.9%, 62%, and 46% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The average time to expulsion was 10.55 ± 6.21 days in group 1, 7.38 ± 5.55 days in group 2, 7.85 ± 5.11 days in group 3 and 7.45 ± 5.32 days in group 4. Alpha blockers were found to be superior to HBB (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Medical treatment of distal ureteral calculi with alfuzosin, doxazosin and terazosin resulted in a significantly increased stone-expulsion rate and decreased expulsion time when compared with HBB. HBB seems to have a negative effect on stone-expulsion rate.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Doxazosin; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prazosin; Prospective Studies; Quinazolines; Treatment Outcome; Ureteral Calculi
PubMed: 21557836
DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000200006 -
Atencion Primaria Feb 2005
Topics: Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Sialorrhea
PubMed: 15727759
DOI: 10.1157/13071924 -
American Journal of Physiology.... Apr 2007Upper gastrointestinal motor function and incretin hormone secretion are major determinants of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia. However, the impact of small...
Upper gastrointestinal motor function and incretin hormone secretion are major determinants of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia. However, the impact of small intestinal flow events on glucose absorption and incretin release is poorly defined. Intraluminal impedance monitoring is a novel technique that allows flow events to be quantified. Eight healthy volunteers were studied twice, in random order. A catheter incorporating six pairs of electrodes at 3-cm intervals, and six corresponding manometry sideholes, was positioned in the duodenum. Hyoscine butylbromide (20 mg) or saline was given as an intravenous bolus, followed by a continuous intravenous infusion of either hyoscine (20 mg/h) or saline over 60 min. Concurrently, glucose and 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG) were infused into the proximal duodenum (3 kcal/min), with frequent blood sampling to measure glucose, 3-OMG, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). The frequency of duodenal pressure waves and propagated pressure wave sequences was reduced by hyoscine in the first 10 min (P<0.01 for both), but not after that time. In contrast, there were markedly fewer duodenal flow events throughout 60 min with hyoscine (P<0.005). Overall, blood glucose (P<0.01) and plasma 3-OMG concentrations (P<0.05) were lower during hyoscine than saline, whereas plasma insulin, GLP-1, and GIP concentrations were initially (t=20 min) lower during hyoscine (P<0.05). In conclusion, intraluminal impedance measurement may be more sensitive than manometry in demonstrating alterations in duodenal motor function. A reduction in the frequency of duodenal flow events is associated with a decreased rate of glucose absorption and incretin release in healthy subjects.
Topics: 3-O-Methylglucose; Adult; Blood Glucose; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Case-Control Studies; Duodenum; Electric Impedance; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Gastrointestinal Motility; Gastrointestinal Transit; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucose; Humans; Insulin; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Manometry; Muscarinic Antagonists; Peristalsis; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Single-Blind Method; Time Factors
PubMed: 17204542
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00519.2006 -
Medical Principles and Practice :... 2018In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide (HnBB) pretreatment on pain during propofol injection. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide (HnBB) pretreatment on pain during propofol injection.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind trial, 60 patients scheduled to undergo routine outpatient surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to 2 groups, the HnBB (n = 30) and sodium chloride (n = 30) groups. Twenty seconds after the injection of 20 mg HnBB or 0.9 % sodium chloride, a 50-mg dose of propofol was injected in 2-3 s. Ten seconds later, the pain intensity was assessed using a 4-point scale: no pain (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3) pain. The Student t test was used for the analysis of parametric data and the Pearson χ2 test for categorical data.
RESULTS
The occurrence of pain in the HnBB group (43.3%) was significantly lower than the control group (73.3%) (p < 0.018). Of the 30 patients in each group, 10 in the control group and 3 in the HnBB group experienced severe pain (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Pretreatment with 20 mg HnBB significantly reduced propofol injection pain compared to placebo.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Pain Measurement; Parasympatholytics; Propofol; Prospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 29402789
DOI: 10.1159/000486747 -
Croatian Medical Journal Apr 2011To determine the effects of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) rectal suppository on labor progress in primigravid women. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
To determine the effects of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) rectal suppository on labor progress in primigravid women.
METHODS
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 130 primigravid women admitted for spontaneous labor. The women were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomized into the experimental (n=65) and control group (n=65). In the beginning of the active phase of labor, 20 mg of HBB rectal suppository was administered to the experimental group, while a placebo suppository was administered to the control group. Cervical dilatation and duration of active phase and second stage of labor were recorded.
RESULTS
The rate of cervical dilatation was 2.6 cm/h in the experimental and 1.5 cm/h in the control group (P<0.001). The active phase and the second stage of labor were significantly shorter in the experimental group (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the fetal heart rate, maternal pulse rate, blood pressure, and the APGAR score 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
CONCLUSION
Use of HBB rectal suppository in the active management of labor can shorten both the active phase and second stage of labor without significant side-effects.
Topics: Administration, Rectal; Adolescent; Adult; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Female; Gravidity; Humans; Labor Pain; Pregnancy; Suppositories; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 21495198
DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2011.52.159 -
Carcinogenesis Sep 2011M3 subtype muscarinic receptors (CHRM3) are over-expressed in colon cancer. In this study, we used Apc(min/+) mice to identify the role of Chrm3 expression in a genetic...
M3 subtype muscarinic receptors (CHRM3) are over-expressed in colon cancer. In this study, we used Apc(min/+) mice to identify the role of Chrm3 expression in a genetic model of intestinal neoplasia, explored the role of Chrm3 in intestinal mucosal development and determined the translational potential of inhibiting muscarinic receptor activation. We generated Chrm3-deficient Apc(min/+) mice and compared intestinal morphology and tumor number in 12-week-old Apc(min/+)Chrm3(-/-) and Apc(min/+)Chrm3(+/+) control mice. Compared with Apc(min/+)Chrm3(+/+) mice, Apc(min/+)Chrm3(-/-) mice showed a 70 and 81% reduction in tumor number and volume, respectively (P < 0.01). In adenomas, β-catenin nuclear staining was reduced in Apc(min/+)Chrm3(-/-) compared with Apc(min/+)Chrm3(+/+) mice (P < 0.02). Whereas Apc gene mutation increased the number of crypt and Paneth cells and decreased villus goblet cells, these changes were absent in Apc(min/+)Chrm3(-/-) mice. To determine whether pharmacological inhibition of muscarinic receptor activation attenuates intestinal neoplasia, we treated 6-week-old Apc(min/+) mice with scopolamine butylbromide, a non-subtype-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist. After 8 weeks of continuous treatment, scopolamine butylbromide-treated mice showed a 22% reduction in tumor number (P = 0.027) and a 36% reduction in tumor volume (P = 0.004) as compared with control mice. Compared with Chrm3 gene ablation, the muscarinic antagonist was less efficacious, most probably due to shorter duration of treatment and incomplete blockade of muscarinic receptors. Overall, these findings indicate that interplay of Chrm3 and β-catenin signaling is important for intestinal mucosal differentiation and neoplasia and provide a proof-of-concept that pharmacological inhibition of muscarinic receptor activation can attenuate intestinal neoplasia in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Butylscopolammonium Bromide; Female; Genes, APC; Intestinal Neoplasms; Intestine, Small; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscarinic Antagonists; Receptor, Muscarinic M3; beta Catenin
PubMed: 21705482
DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr118